Esboniadur Daearyddiaeth ('Geography Explained')

The aim of this article is to construct the history of the irrigation system in the Lower Chubut Valley created by the Welsh settlers that arrived in Patagonia (Argentina) in 1865, which complicated the relationship that existed between this infrastructure and the ever-changing sociopolitical framework. This will involve focusing on the institutions that the Welsh settlers themselves established and the conflicts that arose between them and the Argentine state, which took over the administration of irrigation in 1943. Emphasis will be given to the agency of water within the process that led to reinforcing and growing the irrigation infrastructure, and attention will also be given to the symbolic dimension of the objects that constitute this infrastructure, thereby enabling a reflection on their changing meanings. Author: Fernando Williams

The aim of this article is to analyse the different readings available regarding the history of the Welsh settlement within official narratives of the past in Chubut Province, Argentina. This not only includes the products of the provincial state, but also those of other actors in Chubut society, including the Welsh community itself. In order to do this, the analysis will focus on interpretations produced over three periods: firstly, between the 1930s and 1955, when Chubut was a national territory; secondly, a portion of the first years of the existence of Chubut Province between 1958 and 1975; and finally, between the 1980s and the present, with particular attention given to the celebrations of the hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the landing of the first settlers in 2015. The changes observed between different historical narratives, as well as the elements of continuity between them, are also considered. Throughout these three periods, it is shown that official narratives of Chubut’s past have placed the history of Welsh colonization as a cornerstone for the establishment of the province, giving it a hegemonic role. Author: Guillermo Williams

Lecture title: Everyone's challenge to create a sustainable future: see the pattern and invest for the long term 'Her pawb i greu dyfodol cynaliadwy: gweld y patrwm a buddsoddi ar gyfer y tymor hir' The Edward Lhuyd Annual Lecture organised by the Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol and the Learned Society of Wales 2023 presented by Dr Carol Bell. This was a live event that was conducted through the medium of Welsh. Dr Carol Bell is a member of the Society, and is a former Managing Director of the Global Oil & Gas Group at the Chase Manhattan Bank (1997 to 1999) and, previously, head of the European Equity Department at JP Morgan in London. She has an MA in Natural Sciences (Biochemistry) from the University of Cambridge, a BA in Earth Sciences (Geology) from the Open University and an MA and a PhD from the Institute of Archaeology, UCL.  In Wales, she is a member of several boards, including the Innovation Advisory Council of Wales, Cyfarthfa Foundation, and Football Association of Wales. She recently retired from the boards of the Development Bank of Wales, Museum Wales, and the Wales Millennium Centre. She is also on the council of Research England, and the boards of the National Physical Laboratory and Museum of London Archaeology as well as three international public companies. 

This material presents an account of China by naturalist and traveller Thomas Pennant (1726–98). The work forms part of Pennant's multivolume manuscript 'Outlines of the Globe', kept at the National Maritime Museum.